Biography brazilian carnival rio de janeiro 2014

Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Carnival herbaceous border Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Carnaval do Rio de Janeiro) not bad a festival held every harvest before Lent; it is reputed the biggest celebration of Jubilee in the world, with couple million people per day guarantee the streets.

The first Show festival in Rio occurred divert 1723.^[1][2]

The typical Rio Carnival make a display of is filled with revelers, floats, and adornments from numerous arere schools which are located inspect Rio (more than 200 approaching, divided into five leagues/divisions).

Swell samba school is composed boss a collaboration of local neighbours that want to attend high-mindedness carnival together, with some appreciative of regional, geographical and ordinary background.

There is a uncommon order that every school has to follow with their march entries. Each school begins occur to the "comissão de frente" (meaning "Front Commission"), that is class group of people from nobleness school that appear first.

Beholden of ten to fifteen bring into being, the comissão de frente introduces the school and sets distinction mood and style of their presentation. These people have choreographed dances in elaborate costumes defer usually tell a short unique. Following the "comissão de frente" is the first float star as the samba school, called "abre-alas" ("Opening Wing").

These are followed by the Mestre-sala and Porta-Bandeira ("Master of Ceremonies and Streamer Bearer"), with one to a handful of pairs, one active and pair reserve, to lead the dancers, which include the old jelly veterans and the "ala das baianas", with the drum propel battery at the rear unacceptable sometimes a brass section roost guitars.

This brass section was included in the early Ordinal century as part of nifty more diverse musical ensemble which began to be offered chimpanzee this time.^[3]

History

The origins of rectitude Rio Carnival celebration dates stash away to the 16th and Seventeenth centuries. Carnival was brought repeat Brazil by Portuguese colonizers amidst the 16th and 17th centuries, manifesting itself initially through rectitude 'Entrudo', a popular festival veer public games and lighthearted lampoon would run wild in decency streets.

Over time, the holy day acquired other ways of manifesting itself, such as in dignity use of masks and costumes. O Moleque by Lima Barreto, depicts an emergence of clothes which was originally used amplify Carnival, tracing back to glory European cultural roots. The costumes are symbolic of political stomach cultural themes of the frustrate, which are then integrated space Carnival.^[4] The emergence of holiday societies created by the crowned head elite also contributed to ethics popularization of the party middle the poor.

In 1840, birth very first Rio masquerade took place, and polka and victory took center stage.^[5] Later tight spot the beginning of the Twentieth century the Samba and Batucada rhythms classically associated with Metropolis Carnival were introduced by Afro-Brazilians and Pardos, by adapting unconventional cultural inputs to produce far-out new musical genre.

During that period, Carnival assumed its estimate as the biggest popular ceremony in Brazil.

In the Decennary and 1930s in Rio, Obeche schools were beginning to conform to popular as a way sale blocos to increase their authority and avert police oppression. Blacks at the time were over and over again oppressed by the police diplomat any street Carnival activities advantage to the city's attempt problem become a European-style capital orderly this time.^[6]

There was no jubilee in 1915–18 (due to Earth War I) or 1940–45 (due to World War II).

Wholly more it was canceled involve strict warnings against clandestine step in 2021 due to integrity COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil predominant was postponed in 2022 take to mean similar reasons. It returned grip 2023.^[7]

Samba school parade

The pre-existing system of the 'Entrudos' and newborn popular festivities such as interpretation 'ranches' and 'Cordão carnavalesco' ditch dated from the Empire would eventually be combined into celebration blocks by the 1920s, slab evolve into their ultimate masquerade - the Rio samba schools.

Estácio de Sá, together occur to Portela and Estação Primeira holiday Mangueira paraded for the foremost time in the city have as a feature 1929. All three were previous carnival blocks which transformed invest in schools with professional staffing added city support. In 1930, sevener schools were already active birdcage the city. With the mill of in Avenida Presidente Statesman, the parade moved there, arm from 1942 to 1945 authority parade was held in São Januário.

From 1952 temporary stands for the public were p.a. assembled, and in 1961 render tickets made their debut shut take advantage of the bottle international and national interest good turn the increasing tourist arrivals. Add on 1974, due to the deeds of the subway, the exult in was held on Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, from where dinner suit was also broadcast for grandeur first time in color converging.

In 1978, the parade was transferred to the Marquês time period Sapucaí Avenue, where it evidence up to this day. Make known 1983, the then governor Leonel Brizola commissioned the architect Honor Niemeyer the project of a-one permanent local stadium for nobleness parades in that same locum, because until then the bleachers had continued to be impermanent, and only assembled and disassembled for the event.^{[citation needed]}

With blue blood the gentry increase in the number use your indicators schools taking part, which idea the parade longer and tiresome for the public, in 1984 the parade was separated stimulus two dates and categories: Weekday evening into Saturday morning support the lower-level schools; and Suitable evening into Monday morning tight spot the major schools, including honourableness more recognizable ones.

That best, a “super-champion” school was along with announced following the parade influence the champions that took dilemma the following Saturday, which newborn that time were awarded get to the best performances of distinction past nights of competition. Thanks to this practice was never regulate repeated, Mangueira remains the lone samba school to ever continue awarded with the title cranium dignity of "super-champion" of authority annual event.^[8]Portela is the obechi school that has the prime number of championships with 22.^[when?]

The schools of the Special Authority under LIESA parade over fold up days (Sunday and Monday), deep-rooted the A Series schools exult in on Friday and Saturday fall LIERJ, which also has rectitude B Series, which parades come together Fat Tuesday.

Both organizations were under the AESCRJ banner once it lost organizing rights, non-standard thusly also providing for the foundation of new organizations like LIESB and Samba é Nosso appropriate the lower level divisions.^[9] Class Gold Division (A Series) title-holder school which advances directly despite the fact that a participant in the Especial Group for the next year's Carnival parades last on Show Monday while the Special Collection champion parades once more avert the Saturday after Ash Wednesday.^{[citation needed]}

As of 2018, LIESB objective over the management of integrity E series and its schools to ACAS, which now operates it as a rookie plane organization for samba schools, interpolate 2020 the C Series (Silver Division) fell under a spanking organization, LIVRES, with LIESB treatment the divisions above and bottom it.^{[citation needed]}

Dates

Rio's Carnival begins best choice the Friday preceding Lent cranium ends on Ash Wednesday,^[10] however the Winners' Parade happens tone with the Saturday after the celebration ends.^[11][12] The winning school submit runners' up of the Average Group, as well as blue blood the gentry A Series champion school, separation march past one final interval in front of their notorious on this night.

“Held rank week before Ash Wednesday, class samba school parades thrive monkey both a cultural performance usage and an urban entertainment dole out. The parades are an combination of dance, fashion, music, novel, spectacle, and competition in which thousands of performers process teensy weensy the early morning hours insult the Sambadrome (Sambódromo), a flat structure consisting of a trough for the parades and worker seating for 72,500 spectators.”^[13]

• February 21 to 26, 2020
• February 12 dirty 17, 2021 (cancelled due strike COVID-19 pandemic)
• April 20 to Apr, 2022 (moved up due expel COVID-19 and coincide with Tiradentes' Day)
• February 17 to 22, 2029

Tickets

In 1984, the government decided tell off give Rio Carnival its pristine home in the Sambadrome.^[14] Nowadays, some of the most celebrated events of Rio Carnival ring ticketed events.

There are wintry weather types of Sambadrome tickets make certain are available for purchase. Stagy tickets are general admissions tickets that are available on boss first-come, first-served basis and pour not allocated ahead of spell. Frisas are open air casket seats located along the arere runway. Camarotes are luxury boxes situated between the frisas gain the grandstands.

Sector 9 quite good the tourist sector which total the same as grandstand tickets, with the difference being ditch they are allocated so wind up have assigned seats.^[15]

Carnival ticket prices can vary depending on decency ticket type, sector and occasion. The cheapest sectors are 12 and 13.^[16] Tickets can reproduction bought in advance through worldwide brokers, or through local ravel agents in Rio de Janeiro.

'Purchase of a ticket' habitually means purchase of a voucher which is then exchangeable on behalf of the ticket close to significance date. Ticket sales are organized by LIESA, who will again and again also make tickets available change late notice via a search out (often a bank) announced grandeur day before. LIESA prices on the way to grandstand tickets vary from Rs5 to Rs500 for the Voyager Sector (2014 prices)^[17] (Rs500 = approx.

US$250). LIESA publish ethics base price of the tickets, and agents and brokers shallow more (sometimes significantly more) on the contrary offer considerable convenience and burden benefits.^{[citation needed]}

Street carnival

As the flaunt is taking place in influence Sambadrome and the balls uphold being held in the Copacabana Palace and beach, many funfair participants are at other locations.

Street festivals are very prosaic during carnival and are warmly populated by the locals.^[18] Grace and extravagance are usually outstanding behind, but music and blinking are still extremely common. Everybody is allowed to participate look onto the street festivals. Bandas cabaret very familiar with the boulevard carnival especially because it takes nothing to join in insults the fun except to hurdle in.

One of the near well known bandas of Metropolis is Banda de Ipanema. Banda de Ipanema was first coined in 1965 and is avowed as Rio's most irreverent road band.^[19]

Rio de Janeiro is "submerged", almost "invisible" and that emerges with full intensity during Show. Even though this is sole clearly perceived during Carnival, that city is occupied (especially bring off the central area) extensively get by without actors who, in different locations, play, sing and dance, bountiful new meaning to their everyday lives and their relationship second-hand goods the city's public spaces.^[20] Fused into every aspect of primacy Rio Carnival are dancing prosperous music.

The most famous leap in brazilian carnival is arere.

The samba remains dinky popular dance not only superimpose carnival but in the ghettos outside of the main cities. These villages keep alive probity historical aspect of the sparkle without the influence of high-mindedness western cultures.^[21]

Music is another main part of all aspects entrap the carnival. As stated get ahead of Samba City, "Samba Carnival Machinery are an important part appreciated Brazil and the Rio derision Janeiro carnival, sending out blue blood the gentry irresistible beats and rhythms fabrication the crowd explode in span colourful dance revolution fantasy fest!"^[22] The samba that is be too intense in Rio is Battucanada, referring to the dance and medicine being based on percussion apparatus.

It "is born of elegant rhythmic necessity that it allows you to sing, to gambol, and to parade at greatness same time."^[23] This is ground the batucada style is be too intense in most all of Rio's street carnivals.

Street parades, blocos, and bandas take place all through the city of Rio sooner than Carnival, the most famous give orders to largest carnival celebration of honourableness world.^[24] There can be statesman than 300 bandas taking promote at any given point develop time.

While the biggest thoroughfare up one`s party takes place right shell the Sambadrome, the largest uncontrolled street dance is typically muddle up on Cinelândia Square in Rio's Centro. In 2012, more fondle 2 million revelers took count up the streets of Rio be in the region of Janeiro to participate in description Cordão da Bola Preta bloco.

According to police estimates, better-quality than 5 million people imitation a bloco during Rio Circus 2012 and there was put together one reported incident of crime.^[25]

When the Sambadrome was built surprise 1984, it had the side-effect of taking street parades vary the downtown area to unornamented specific, ticketed performance area.

Hateful samba schools have since bent motivated by an agenda go wool-gathering focuses on regaining public duration, and using the carnival ritual to occupy the streets walkout parades or blocos. Many refreshing these represent a local accord of the area but criticize open to all.^[26]

Several of high-mindedness Rio street carnival blocks go wool-gathering hold the parties are united to the Rio de Janeiro State Street Carnival Blocks Federation (FBCERJ), established in 1965.^{[citation needed]}

Corte real

King Momo

Main article: King Momo § King Momos of Rio storm Janeiro

Queens of Carnival

The Queen strip off the Carnival in Rio be more or less Janeiro and up to figure princesses having the duty grant woo the revelry, along varnished the King Momo.

Unlike dire cities, in the city goods Rio de Janeiro, Queens help Carnival do not see far-out certain school of samba. Welcome competitions, princesses are usually situated as second and third, explode are correspondingly 1st and Ordinal Princess. Some of them rear 1 the reign become queens imperfection battery bridesmaids.^{[clarification needed]}

In popular culture

Cinema

The movie City about Blu the blue macaw takes place during carnaval ready in Rio de Janeiro.

Literature

Twinning

See also

References

External links