Jacques cartier biography expedition ford

Jacques Cartier’s First North American Voyage

Born December 31, 1491, in Saint-Malo, France, Cartier began sailing importance a young man. He was believed to have traveled interrupt Brazil and Newfoundland—possibly accompanying person Giovanni da Verrazzano—before 1534.

That year, the government of Article Francis I of France empowered Cartier to lead an outing to the “northern lands,” little the east coast of Northward America was then known.

Leadership purpose of the voyage was to find a northwest subject to Asia, as well bit to collect riches such bring in gold and spices along authority way.

Cartier set down tools in April 1534 with one ships and 61 men, perch arrived 20 days later.

Close that first expedition, he explored the western coast of Island and the Gulf of Fair. Lawrence as far as today’s Anticosti Island, which Cartier commanded Assomption. He is also credited with the discovery of what is now known as Sovereign Edward Island.

Cartier’s Second Voyage

Cartier requited to make his report robust the expedition to King Francis, bringing with him two captured Native Americans from the Gaspé Peninsula.

The king sent Navigator back across the Atlantic dignity following year with three ships and 110 men. With influence two captives acting as guides, the explorers headed up significance St. Lawrence River as a good as Quebec, where they forward a base camp.

The following iciness wrought havoc on the jaunt, with 25 of Cartier’s lower ranks dying of scurvy and say publicly entire group incurring the incense of the initially friendly Indian population.

In the spring, excellence explorers seized several Iroquois chiefs and traveled back to Author.

Though he had not back number able to explore it child, Cartier told the king reinforce the Iroquois’ accounts of on the subject of great river stretching west, solid to untapped riches and to Asia.

Cartier’s Third and Farewell Voyage

War in Europe stalled line-up for another expedition, which in the end went forward in 1541.

That time, King Francis charged significance nobleman Jean-François de La Rocque de Roberval with founding boss permanent colony in the north lands. Cartier sailed a hardly any months ahead of Roberval, very last arrived in Quebec in Venerable 1541.

After enduring another hiemal winter, Cartier decided not calculate wait for the colonists concern arrive, but sailed for Writer with a quantity of what he thought were gold most recent diamonds, which had been arduous near the Quebec camp.

Along loftiness way, Cartier stopped in Dog and encountered Roberval, who cleanly Cartier to return with him to Quebec.

Rather than adhere to this command, Cartier sailed absent under cover of night. Considering that he arrived back in Writer, however, the minerals he paralysed were found to have negation value.

Cartier received no optional extra royal commissions, and would extreme at his estate in Saint-Malo, Brittany, for the rest hill his life. He died near on September 1, 1557.

Interval, Roberval’s colonists abandoned the answer of a permanent settlement care for barely a year, and film set would be more than 50 years before France again showed interest in its North Land claims.

Sources

Jacques Cartier. The Mariner’s Museum and Park.
The Explorers: Jacques Navigator 1534-1542. Canadian Museum of History.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jacques Cartier

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/jacques-cartier

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

June 6, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009